Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in the United States is both heterogeneous, with a few cases contributing to a large proportion of recent transmission, and disproportionately burdensome to disadvantaged populations – including racial and ethnic minorities, as well as people experiencing homelessness, who are incarcerated, and who use drugs (injection and non-injection). Public health efforts to reduce TB transmission have been instrumental in lowering incidence in the U.S. in the last few decades, but these interventions can be resource-intensive. This project aims to better understand tuberculosis genotype clusters in the United States and across four key states (CA, FL, NY, TX) in order to identify targeted interventions that are feasible to implement, might be prioritized by TB controllers and other health officials, and are likely to be impactful in reducing the risk of TB transmission and outbreaks, especially in vulnerable populations.